Current Transformer (CT) is used to transform the high AC current
to small easily manageable values. They're connected with the Panel
Meter or Relay and they can help to measure the current or protect
the equipments. Low voltage current transformers are manufactured
as of two types for measuring CT.
Measuring CT: Measuring current transformers are constructed to feed on other
low voltage apparatus such as measuring instruments, relays,
watt-hour meter (KW meter) and these type of current transformers
are mainly used 0.5 and 1.0 class to transfer the current from
highest rated current to rated secondary current.
Protection CT: Protection current transformers are constructed to feed the
protection relay. These type of current transformers are mainly
used 5P.
Selection of the Current Transformer
To select the current transformer correctly, the following points
should be clarified:
-The application (for measuring or protection).
-The features of the working environment (Indoor or outdoor,
operating temperature, air humidity etc….).
-Operation voltage and frequency.
-Range of the primary current (maximum and minimum of the current to
be measured).
-Dimension of the cable or Bus bar.
-Data of the overload.
-Short circuit current.
-Specification of the measuring device associated with the current
transformer (Accuracy, rated current, consumption etc…).
-The diameter and length of the cable, the cable which is used to
connect the current transformer and associated measuring device.
Accuracy of A Current Transformer
The percentage of error, produced in a transformer, is established
by IEC60044-1. In measurement transformer: 25% and 100% of nominal
power. In protection transformers: 100% of nominal power.
Note: with…/1A transformers losses are reduced 25 times.
Saturated Condition of CT
The current transformer is saturated if the primary current,
passing through the CT, is greater than the nominal rating of the
CT.
The linearity of CT, between the primary and secondary sides
decreases, so error increases. The saturation of the CT is
inversely proportional to the load (FIG. 1).
The difference between measuring and protection current
transformers is their behavior when an overload occurs on the
primary side. Measuring CT is saturated when there is a primary
current overload. In order to protect the equipment. On the
secondary side, protection CT will not saturated until there is a
very high current on the primary side, A class 5P15 protection
transformer indicates that it has an accuracy rating of ±1% that it
does not become saturated until the primary current reaches 15
times the nominal current rating of the CT.
In measuring transformers, the SAFETY FACTOR “FS” parameter
indicates the excessive amperage on the primary side current in
relation to the current sent to the measuring device on the
secondary side.
Application Note
If the primary current is too small, to keep the same accuracy and
output, we can add primary winding, but the rated turns ration
should be the same, For example, if the primary current is 50A, we
can use 100/5A current transformer with the primary current be
turned twice which help to keep the same rated turns ratio (1:50 =
2:100).
Construction
CT consist of primary winding, secondary winding, magnetic core and
insulated body. The high-grade silicon steel core is annealed,
varnished then insulated with polycarbonate core caps. The
secondary winding is toroidally wound by high precision
semi-automatic machinery. For the tape wound ring type current
transformer, the PEW coated windings are then covered with
elephantite paper, varnished and double-tapped with PVS tapes. For
the encapsulated type current transformer, the windings are
enclosed in a compact and heat resistant split cap.
Specifications
Current
Ratio..................................................................................400/5A
Yueqing Yomin Electric Co., Ltd (Before called Yueqing Yomin
Electric Factory, found in 1996) is a manufacturer of electric
appliances with well-equipped testing equipment and strong
technical force.With a wide range, good quality, reasonable prices
and stylish designs, our products are extensively used in
electrical industry and other industries.Our products are widely
recognized and trusted by users and can meet continuously
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relationships and achieving mutual success!