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Kovar Sheet not only has thermal expansion similar to glass, but its nonlinear
thermal expansion curve can often be made to match a glass, thus
allowing the joint to tolerate a wide temperature range.
Chemically, it bonds to glass via the intermediate oxide layer of
nickel oxide and cobalt oxide; the proportion of iron oxide is low
due to its reduction with cobalt. The bond strength is highly
dependent on the oxide layer thickness and character. The presence
of cobalt makes the oxide layer easier to melt and dissolve in the
molten glass. A grey, grey-blue or grey-brown color indicates a
good seal. A metallic color indicates lack of oxide, while black
color indicates overly oxidized metal, in both cases leading to a
weak joint.
Mainly used in electric vacuum components and emission control,
shock tube, igniting tube, glass magnetron, transistors, seal plug,
relay, integrated circuits lead, chassis, brackets and other
housing sealing.
Kovar Sheet Normal composition%
Ni | 28.5~29.5 | Fe | Bal. | Co | 16.8~17.8 | Si | ≤0.3 |
Mo | ≤0.2 | Cu | ≤0.2 | Cr | ≤0.2 | Mn | ≤0.5 |
C | ≤0.03 | P | ≤0.02 | S | ≤0.02 |
Code of condition | Condition | Wire | Strip |
R | Soft | ≤585 | ≤570 |
1/4I | 1/4 Hard | 585~725 | 520~630 |
1/2I | 1/2 Hard | 655~795 | 590~700 |
3/4I | 3/4 Hard | 725~860 | 600~770 |
I | Hard | ≥850 | ≥700 |
Density (g/cm3) | 8.2 |
Electrical resistivity at 20ºC(Om*mm2/m) | 0.48 |
Temperature factor of resistivity(20ºC~100ºC)X10-5/ºC | 3.7~3.9 |
Curie point Tc/ ºC | 430 |
Elastic Modulus, E/ Gpa | 138 |
Kovar Expansion Alloy Sheet Picture:
Coefficient of expansion
θ/ºC | α1/10-6ºC-1 | θ/ºC | α1/10-6ºC-1 |
20~60 | 7.8 | 20~500 | 6.2 |
20~100 | 6.4 | 20~550 | 7.1 |
20~200 | 5.9 | 20~600 | 7.8 |
20~300 | 5.3 | 20~700 | 9.2 |
20~400 | 5.1 | 20~800 | 10.2 |
20~450 | 5.3 | 20~900 | 11.4 |
θ/ºC | 100 | 200 | 300 | 400 | 500 |
λ/ W/(m*ºC) | 20.6 | 21.5 | 22.7 | 23.7 | 25.4 |