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1.Summarize
Lithium titanate battery is a lithium ion secondary battery composed of lithium ion battery negative electrode material - lithium titanate, and lithium manganese oxide, ternary material or lithium iron phosphate and other positive electrode materials. Due to the high safety, high stability, long life and green environmental protection characteristics of lithium titanate. When the lithium titanate battery is charged and discharged, the intercalation and deintercalation of lithium ions will not cause changes in the crystal structure of the lithium titanate, so it has little effect on the structure of the lithium titanate material. For this reason, lithium titanate is also known as a "zero strain material". Compared with the current lithium iron phosphate battery that "slow charge can be used for up to 5 years and fast charge can be used for up to 2 years", lithium titanate batteries have outstanding advantages. It is foreseeable that lithium titanate materials will become the anode materials of new-generation lithium-ion batteries in 2-3 years and are widely used in new energy vehicles, electric motorcycles and require high safety, high stability and long cycle applications.
2.Working principle
When the battery is discharged, Li* is deintercalated from the
lithium titanate spinel structure material, enters the electrolyte,
passes through the separator, migrates to the surface of the
ternary lithium crystal through the electrolyte, and then
re-inserts into the ternary lithium material. At the same time, the
electrons flow to the aluminum foil electrode of the negative
electrode through the conductor, and flow to the aluminum foil
electrode of the positive electrode of the battery through the tab,
the negative pole of the battery, the load, the positive pole and
the positive pole, and then flow to the positive electrode of the
ternary lithium through the conductor. , to bring the charge into
equilibrium.
It can be seen that the basic principle of the lithium titanate
battery is that in the process of charging and discharging, the
corresponding lithium ions are inserted and removed back and forth
between the positive and negative electrodes to complete the
charging and discharging of the battery and supply power to the
load. When the battery is charged, the positive electrode loses
electrons, and the lithium ions are extracted and embedded in the
negative electrode; the negative electrode inserts lithium ions and
simultaneously obtains electrons to become a rich state. The
process during discharge is just the opposite. In the reaction
process of Li* intercalation or deintercalation, lithium titanate
(Li4 Ti5 O12) is an ideal intercalation electrode material, and Li*
insertion and deintercalation have little effect on the material
structure, so it is called "zero" strain" material, thus ensuring
its good cycle performance.
3.Performance feature of Ultracapacitor