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1. Treatment of plastics
Because PET macromolecule contains lipid group, it has certain
hydrophilicity. Particles are sensitive to water at high
temperature. When the moisture content exceeds the limit, the
molecular weight of PET decreases and the products become colored
and brittle.
Therefore, before processing, the material must be dried, its
drying temperature is 150 C, more than 4 hours; generally 170 C,
3-4 hours. It can be used to check whether the material is
completely dry. The proportion of recycled PET bottle blank should
not exceed 25%, and the recycled PET bottle blank should be
thoroughly dried.
2. Selection of Injection Molding Machine
Because of the short time of stabilization after melting point and
the high melting point of PET, the injection system with more
temperature control section and less self-friction heat generation
during plasticization should be selected, and the actual weight of
the product (water-containing orifice) should not be less than 2/3
of the injection volume of the machine.
3. Mould and gate design
PET bottle embryo is usually formed by hot runner mould. It is
better to have a heat insulation plate between the mould and the
injection machine template. The thickness of the heat insulation
plate is about 12 mm, and the heat insulation plate must be able to
withstand high pressure. Exhaust must be sufficient to avoid local
overheating or fragmentation, but the exhaust outlet depth should
not exceed 0.03mm, otherwise it is easy to produce flash.
4. Melt temperature
It can be measured by air irradiation method, ranging from 270 to
295 degrees C, and the enhanced grade GF-PET can be set to 290 to
315 degrees C.
5. Injection speed
Generally, the injection speed should be fast to prevent premature
coagulation during injection. But too fast and high shear rate make
the material fragile. The projectile is usually completed in 4
seconds.
6. Back pressure
The lower the better, so as not to wear. Usually not more than 100
bars, usually do not need to use.
7. Residence time
Do not use too long detention time to prevent the molecular weight
from decreasing, and try to avoid the temperature above 300 C. If
the shutdown time is less than 15 minutes, only air-jet treatment
is required; if it is more than 15 minutes, it should be cleaned
with viscous PE, and the barrel temperature should be lowered to PE
temperature until the machine is restarted.
8. Notes
(1) Recycled materials should not be too large, otherwise, it is
easy to "bridge" at the discharging site and affect plasticization;
(2) If the mould temperature is not well controlled or the material
temperature is not properly controlled, it is easy to produce
"white fog" and opaque; if the mould temperature is low and
uniform, the cooling speed is fast and the crystallization is
small, the product is transparent.